Aggressive driving (speeding, rapid acceleration and braking) can lower your gas mileage by roughly 15% to 30% at highway speeds and 10% to 40% in stop-and-go traffic. Weight explains the gas mileage meaning that the higher the weight, the lower the gas mileage. April 3, 2022 ; how much does central air cost to install . weight of a car and gas mileage correlation. The line in part (b) passes through the . Tags: Question 9 . This could decrease the weight of your vehicle and, thus, minimize your car's resistance. (a) Ignoring weight, and assuming the histogram for gas mileage follows the normal curve, would you be surprised if someone . Japanese cars tend to get worse gas mileage than other cars. weight of a car and gas mileage correlation. Expert Answer Correlation Coefficient Calculation r = -0.917 In this case, n = 5 Critic … View the full answer Transcribed image text: An engineer wanted to determine how the weight of a car affects gas mileage. A quadratic model is fit to the experimental data. Power itself is a measure of how much work can be done in a specific time period. D) Gas mileage decreases with an decrease in car weight. School North Carolina State University; Course Title ST 311; Type. Brandon Cumber takes 50 numbers from a table of random numbers. An example would be Weight of a car and Gas mileage. Luggage) - Large SUV - 750 . An engineer wanted to determine how the weight of a car affects gas mileage. 8. The accompanying data represent the weights of various domestic cars and their miles per gallon in the city for the most recent model year. Computing a t . Does a dump truck full of dirt use more fuel than your VW? As an experiment a car is operated at several different speeds and for each speed the gas mileage is measured. And so if we want to look for evidence of the association between car weight and fuel efficiency, the regression analysis is predicting this slope for the regression line. One final note. 2 = √0.61 = 0.781, but because the relationship is negative, the correlation should be as well. The EPA says that for every 100 pounds taken out of the vehicle, the fuel economy is increased by 1-2 percent. iii. Does the length of a car affect gas mileage? April 3, 2022; By ; oregon snotel clickable map (0) Comment . So we would conclude that there is strong evidence to suggest an association between the weight of the car and it's gas mileage and for B were asked . iv. The last two arguments above request that all groups be shown in default . For every pound added to the weight of the car, gas mileage in the city will decrease by .00759 mile(s) per gallon, on average It is not appropriate to interpret the y-intercept . Someone who lifts one pound a distance of one foot has done exactly one pound-foot of wor. Analyzing the patterns of scatter plot the weight versus gas mileage. We really close that line if I drew a line through it. And the P value is less than or equal to 0.1 which is a very small P value. Complete parts (a) through (d). However, be aware that this may affect the types of tires you can buy for your car. So the why is decreasing So a sentence answer to that is as weight increases for the car thebe gas mileage decreases, which . Reducing weight means reducing fuel cost. 4. A. C) Gas mileage decreases with an increase in car weight. Notes. The problem is calculating how much they vary without specific knowledge about the vehicles. I've logged last 2.5 years of CR-Z fuel economy (about 72 tanks worth) and noticed an interesting correlation between the gas prices and fuel economy. Answer (1 of 7): Strap in and grab some coffee, this answer is liable to get long. Car Speed and Gas Mileage An economist wanted to analyze the relationship between the speed of a car (x) and its gas mileage (y). There is a fairly strong, negative relationship between car weight and miles per gallon. A car that . It is natural to expect a negative relation between mileage and weight of the vehicle. The closer the points are to a line, the . Make sure to clean any unnecessary items out of your trunk and backseat to maximize your car's fuel economy. A loose example would be a new car purchased for £20,000 and then sold a few years later with 40,000 miles on the mile counter. If women always married men who were 2 years older than themselves . fis1, fis2, and fis3 directly take the input values and generate intermediate MPG values, which are further combined using fis4 and fis5.. Explain the meaning of that number. The FIS tree uses multiple two-input-one-output FIS objects to reduce the total number of rules used In the inference process. I just realized that the data I used for fuel efficiency includes some sport cars. Based on a gallon of gasoline costing. Click on an individual point to see calculations of its residual. Fuel economy is the relationship between the distance traveled and fuel consumed. And um, that's also evidenced by the correlation coefficient being really close to negative one, negative 0.89 is a pretty darn strong correlation. weight of a car and gas mileage correlation . A) The lightest car gets the worst gas mileage. Click the Question: An engineer wanted to determine how the weight of a car affects gas mileage. Look here for more apps. This scatter plot shows the relationship between the weight of a car and its gas mileage. The variables weight of a car and its miles per gallon are associated because r is and the absolute value of the correlation coefficient is than the critical value (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Identify the correlation coefficient for the relationship shown. So as we increases, okay, the doctor going down. c. She decides to investigate the link between the age of the cars, x years, and the mileage, y thousand miles. The correlation r = 0.4 shows thata) the fact that cars have different weights explains about 16% of the observed variation in their … Continue reading "A study of new cars finds that the correlation between the weight of cars (pounds) and their city . It actually might decline if the weight is too much. How does the weight of a car influence the highway gas mileage Statistical. That . Q. Answer of Mileage and weight Explain why the correlation between x = weight of a car and y = mileage of a car is likely to be smaller if we use a random sample. Example 30.2: Regression with Mileage Data A car is tested for gas mileage at various speeds to determine at what speed the car achieves the greatest gas mileage. I'm sure you drive a car. All fuel economy simulations are performed at ETW. I might be subconsciously driving nicer when gas goes up. Uploaded By StevenJ2. Let's start with the easy and simple numbers. However, 10 gallons (37.9 L) of gas adds 60 pounds of weight. weight rating (GVWR) of more than 10,000 pounds—GVWR is the vehicle weight plus carrying capacity •Other vehicles with a GVWR of 8,500 pounds or more or a curb weight over 6,000 pounds Therefore, manufacturers do not have to estimate their fuel economy, and fuel economy labels are not posted on their windows. Lesson 3: Simple Linear Regression. This web-page and its . If your fuel runs low, you could put stress on the fuel pump. So whether we asked Teoh, say how the gas mileage tends to changes, the weight increases. Pages 65 This preview shows page 43 - 53 out of 65 pages. The more the car weighs the less fuel mileage it will get. Lots of standard deviations Explain carefully the interpretations of the standard deviations (a) s y, (b) s x, (c) residual standard The average gas mileage (in miles per gallon) was 21.4 with an SD of 4.2. Based on the data presented, which statement is true? I want to examine the relationship between gas mileage of cars and the engine size (displacement in cubic inches). The correlation between amount of fertilizer and yield of tomatoes was found to be r = 0.33. Uploaded By StevenJ2. Car mileage can be grouped into bands of 20,000 miles. Scenario 2 depicts a weaker association (r=0,2) that we might expect to see between age and body mass index (which tends to increase with age). Test Prep. The correlation between weight and gas mileage was -0.87. HGOC Trading - Uncategorized - weight of a car and gas mileage correlation. Applying this analysis to highway fuel efficiency provides similar results. 1. This scatter plot shows that as the weight in thousands of pounds increases, gas mileage decreases. This distribution is strong because the correlation r= -.9054 which is very close to -1. Japanese cars tend to be lighter in weight than other cars. The correlation between weight and gas mileage of. This repository contains the files of my data science and first machine learning project.The files presented above are: two csv data files that contain some technical specs of some cars,a file with the extension '.pkl' which is the final model with the best prediction accuracy,an a jupyter notebook with the . For city mileage, where the root mean sum of residual errors is 0.83, optimizing a 1100 kg car for maximum fuel efficiency has the same effect as reducing vehicle curb weight by 51 kg; optimizing a 2700 kg car for maximum fuel efficiency has the same effect as reducing curb weight by 700 kg. This can increase your fuel efficiency by as much as two percent. During those frigid winter months, many people like to crank up the heat for a few . Today's cars and light trucks weigh between 1 000 to 3 800 kg. Or we can do it for a new car: all we have to do is give it the weight, displacement and number of cylinders of our hypothetical car. Uploaded By paddy10k. the correlation between weight and gas mileage for all the cars is close to 1. there is little difference between Japanese cars and cars made in other countries. Complete parts (a) through (f) below. Solution for 3. You might best guess at the parameters for your study. Gas mieage can be used to explain about 79.6% of the variability in the weight of the car. An engineer wants to determine how the weight of a gas-powered car, x, affects gas mileage, y. the correlation between weight and gas mileage for all the cars is close to one. The best fit line is y = -6.93x + 43.1 Where x is the weight of… C. The correlation between the gas mileage of a car and its weight is r = 0.71 gallon-pounds. Japanese cars tend to get worse gas mileage than other cars. An easy way to figure out w… The following data represent the weights of various cars and their gas mileages. Light cars tend to have higher gas mileage and heavier cars tend to have lower gas mileage. The correlation between weight and gas mileage of cars is 096 Which of the. (3 passengers) - Small SUV - 550 lb. Pages 65 This preview shows page 43 - 53 out of 65 pages. weight Miles per (pounds), x Gallon, y 3797 16 3897 16 2704 24 3608 20 3360 22 3040 22 3787 17 2618 24 3509 18 3798 16 3399 17 Interpret the slope y-intercept . So the sign of the value tells us the direction of the relationship. A tonneau enhances the aerodynamics of a truck such that the mileage of the gas shall enhance. I just realized that the data I used for fuel efficiency includes some sport cars. Maret 25, 2022 oleh . Otto Mobile collects data from 25 cars. Engine size. Yes, both speed and weight matter. Scenario 1 depicts a strong positive association (r=0.9), similar to what we might see for the correlation between infant birth weight and birth length. . There is a negative correlation between the weight of a car and its gas mileage. He calls the first 25 the X variables and the second 25 the Y variables and computes a correlation. The following data represent the weight of various cars and their gas mileage. One final note. Research before you buy - Estimate how much fuel a vehicle will . Interpret. Yes, if the added length adds weight to the vehicle. How to reap the savings and benefits. The residual of a point is the difference between its Y variable and the predicted value of that Y based on the regression. Developed by Michael Whitlock at the University of British Columbia. Japanese cars tend to be lighter in weight than other cars. Idling your car wastes gas . The accompanying data represent the weights of various domestic cars and their gas mileages in the city for a certain model year. The least-squares regression line treating weight as the explanatory variable and miles per gallon as the response variable is y=−0.0069x+44.6554. Driving at higher speeds increases aerodynamic drag (wind resistance), reducing fuel economy. Based on mileage alone, the car would be . Additional Performance Weight: - Small Car - 300 lb. The data collected from the cars are shown in the table below. The following statements produce Output 30.2.1 through Output 30.2.4: title 'Gasoline Mileage Experiment'; data mileage; input mph mpg @@; datalines; 20 15.4 30 20.2 40 25.7 50 26.2 . A study of new cars finds that the correlation between the weight of cars (pounds) and their city gas mileage (miles per gallon) is r = 0.4. The first thing we have to do is we have to figure out what is the explanatory, what's the response? SURVEY . So you always want to look left to right on the X axis here. Input attributes with negative and positive correlation values are paired up to combine both positive and negative effects on the . B) The heaviest car gets the best gas mileage. . the is little difference between Japanese cars and cars made in other countries. The accompanying days represent the weights of various domestic cars and their miles per gallon in the city for the most recent model year. The figure below is a scatterplot of reading test scores against IQ . SURVEY . Notes. How does the weight of a car influence the highway. We can then predict the gas mileage of this car with. Speed 25 35 45 50 60 65 70 Gas Mileage 40 39 37 33 30 27 25 32. Lots of standard deviations Explain carefully the interpretations of the standard deviations (a) sy, (b) sx, (c) residual standard Irish law allows for the use of miles per imperial gallon, alongside liters per 100 kilometers . Predicting the Mileage/Miles Per Gallon (mpg) of a car using some features of the car. This proves the fact that trucks and SUVs have lower gas mileage than smaller cars or motor vehicles. For example, the Aston Martin DBS Coupe only gets 17 mpg on the highway and 11 mpg in the city . Then re-run the simulation for the extreme ranges of your guesses. Horsepower is a means of measuring power. School University of California, Los Angeles; Course Title MATH 10; Type. Statcrunch Next Miles per Gallon Weight (Ibs) Miles per Gallon Weight (Ibs) fullscreen Expand Transcribed Image Text I'm an amateur data nerd, Google Docs spreadsheets are actually a lot of fun for me. (2 passengers) - Mid-Size Car - 450 lb. Driving your truck with a truck topper for 20 minutes at 65mph each day will save you about 0.04 gallons or around 0.14 dollars each day. 120 seconds . how are f1 cars different from each other. 33 37 4.5 40 4.5 45 49 30 58 6.5 58 Age, x (years) Mileage, y 22 (thousands) 2.5 34 [You may assume that Ex = 41, 406, 188, The answer he arrives at is -1.4. Car 12 weighs 3,305 pounds and gets 19 miles per gallon. He then computes a correlation between weight of the car and its gas mileage. Students who viewed this also studied . Any other excess weight, particularly heavy items, can weigh your car down and decrease gas mileage. Excessive idling decreases MPG. This shows that not only is there a strong relationship between the weight of a car and its mileage, but also that newer cars tend to be lighter and have better gas mileage than older cars. Q. The linear correlation coefficient between the weight of a car and its miles per gallon in the city is r=−0.981. Complete parts (a) and (b) below. The default arguments for gscatter produce a scatter plot with the different groups shown with the same symbol but different colors. Mileage and weight Explain why the correlation between x = weight of a car and y = mileage of a car is likely to be smaller if we use a random sample of sports cars than if we use a random sample of all cars. (3 passengers + 100 lb. The corresponding fuel cost savings are An engineer wants to determine how the weight of a gas powered car, x, affects gas mileage, y. If . In this lesson we will review simple regression and demonstrate a linear regression model in R. This should be a review of regression from MA206. predict (mfit, newcar) ## 1 ## 12.71 By the term strength, we mean how close are the points to a line? Pages 6 Ratings 85% (13) 11 out of 13 people found this document helpful; This preview shows page 5 - 6 out of 6 pages. This way the truck toppers don't improve your car mileage. The new EPA tests account for . Kothari Industrial Corporation Limited > Home Version 5 > Uncategorized > weight of a car and gas mileage correlation. newcar = data.frame (wt = 4.5, disp = 300, cyl = 8) newcar ## wt disp cyl ## 1 4.5 300 8. {Car Speed and Gas Mileage Narrative} Estimate the gas mileage . While the type of tires and wheels can impact your car's gas mileage, your alignment can also affect your vehicle's performance. School University of California, Los Angeles; Course Title MATH 10; Type. The EPA city test includes idling, but more idling will lower MPG. Complete parts (a) through (d) below. 4. Cars Trucks; 10 kg: $60: $80: 25 kg: $150: $200: 50 kg: $300: $400: 100 kg: $600: $800: 200 kg: $1,200: $1,600: 400 kg: $2,400: $3,200: 1,000 kg: $6,000 : $8,000 *Estimated savings are based on a fuel price of $1.00/L and the average fuel consumption and weight relationship reported by MIT. Strength of the relationship is measured by the actual value of the number. Tags: Question 4 . A correlation of -0.781 indicates that the linear relationship between price and mileage is strong (or moderately strong) and negative. A recent study found that for every 100-kg reduction, the combined city/highway fuel consumption could decrease by about 0.4 L/100 km for cars and about 0.5 L/100 km for light trucks (MIT 2008). A. 9. If it forces you to get wider tires, you will be trading off some fuel efficiency. Mileage and weight Explain why the correlation between x = weight of a car and y = mileage of a car is likely to be smaller if we use a random sample of sports cars than if we use a random sample of all cars. Hence the priori hypothesis about the sign of slope is "The slope is negative". For example, the Aston Martin DBS Coupe only gets 17 mpg on the highway and 11 mpg in the city . Scenario 3 might depict the lack of association (r approximately = 0) between the extent of media . Clearly, it is reasonable to suppose a cause and effect relationship as follows: An increase in the vehicle weight . The scatter plot represents the weight of a car and its gas mileage. Also, fuel economy information on some vehicles was not available in time to be . For a random sample of 20 car models, the average weight (in pounds) was 3236, with an SD of 523. So I would characterize the relation between, um, uh, wait and, uh, gas mileage to be a pretty strong negative correlation. 30 seconds . The explanatory variable is. Doesn't your gas mileage go down when you drive faster? These data are shown below. The scatter diagram was football shaped. For every pound added to the weight of the car, gas mileage in the city will decrease by .005920.00592 mile(s) per . varl Complete parts (a) through (c) by hand for the data below (h) Comment on the fit of the line found in part (b) versus the least-squares regression line found in part (d). The correlation between weight and gas mileage of. This is a convenient model for calculating car mileage depreciation, as each time a car passes through each band, it will lose on average around 20% of its current value. Car Weight (pounds) Miles per Gallon A 2690 26 B 3100 21 C 3985 18 D 3590 18 E 3475 20 (a) Compute the linear correlation coefficient between the weight of a car and its miles per gallon. 12.31 In the question the dependent variable is the City Mileage and independent variable is the vehicle weight. Fuel economy can be expressed in two ways: Units of fuel per fixed distance Generally expressed in liters per 100 kilometers (L/100 km), used in most European countries, China, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. You can also take a look at your text book pages 143-151 to get a more detailed description of linear regression. The weight of a car can be used to explain about 79.6% of the variability in gas mileage using a linear relationship. All right guys, so here we go. loaded weight condition to approximate what a customer would expect from a given class of vehicle (number of passengers, luggage or trailer towing). The correlation between weight and gas mileage of cars is 096 Which of the. When you fill up with gas, fill up halfway and try to keep your tank above one quarter full. A second hand car dealer has 10 cars for sale. A half-full tank may increase your mileage. Put stress on the data presented, which statement is true specific time period want to examine relationship... Use more fuel than your VW for gscatter produce a scatter plot shows that as the response is! As weight increases for the most recent model year and positive correlation values are paired to. Fill up with gas, fill up with gas, fill up with gas, fill up gas! Simulation for the extreme ranges of your trunk and backseat to maximize your car & # x27 t... The line in part ( b ) passes through the buy for car... California, Los Angeles ; Course Title ST 311 ; Type SUVs have lower gas go... Car weight car value shows that as the explanatory variable and miles per gallon as the weight increases the! The worst gas mileage car with response variable is y=−0.0069x+44.6554 is the difference between japanese cars tend to.... 17 mpg on the regression the direction of the cars, X,! Predicted value of that Y based on the data collected from the cars are in! Itself is a very Small P value is less than or equal to which! Weight - NRCan < /a > 8 EPA city test includes idling but... Sd of 4.2 complete parts ( a ) the lightest car gets the gas... 60 pounds of weight are to a line, the doctor going down mpg. Miles per gallon in the city for the use of miles per gallon in the city for a few -... Why does horsepower matter accompanying data represent the weights of various domestic cars and cars made in other countries similar... In weight than other cars the vehicles but different colors to maximize your car & # x27 t... Its Y variable and the second 25 the X variables and computes a between... How close are the points to a line 65 this preview shows 43. Input attributes with negative and positive correlation values are paired up to combine both positive and effects! Engine size ( displacement in cubic inches ) as well mileage alone the... Your trunk and backseat to maximize your car measured by the term strength, we how. Oregon snotel clickable map ( 0 ) between the weight of various cars their!, we mean how close are the points to a line experiment a car and gas mileage decreases 25! Table of random numbers 100 kilometers cargo weight affect gas mileage 40 39 37 33 30 27 25.. Your gas mileage was -0.87 this car with per gallon as the explanatory variable and miles gallon. So as we increases, okay, the Aston Martin DBS Coupe only gets 17 on! Negative correlation between the weight increases weight affect gas mileage decreases with an increase in weight. The direction of the number worst gas mileage some fuel efficiency provides results... And computes a correlation between weight of a car can be used to explain about 79.6 of. In cubic inches ) the extreme ranges of your guesses you always want examine. The correlation should be as well recent model year an experiment a car can be to... This scatter plot with the same symbol but different colors should be as well than... Pages 65 this preview shows page 43 - 53 out of 65.. Trading off some fuel efficiency includes some sport cars //amanandhisgear.com/do-truck-toppers-affect-gas-mileage '' > why does horsepower matter this preview page... Older than themselves is reasonable to suppose a cause and effect relationship as follows: an increase car! Miles per gallon in the city for a certain model year and backseat to maximize your car & x27! A distance of one foot has weight of a car and gas mileage correlation exactly one pound-foot of wor by 1-2 percent the priori hypothesis the. Difference between its Y variable and the predicted value of the relationship is measured to that is as increases! Hgoc Trading - Uncategorized - weight of a car is operated at several different speeds for... Detailed description of linear regression is less than or equal to 0.1 which is a very Small value. Alone, the weight of various domestic cars and their miles per gallon as the of... The linear relationship between gas mileage for gscatter produce a scatter plot that! Between japanese cars and light trucks weigh between 1 000 to 3 800 kg of random numbers the... Is natural to expect a negative correlation between the weight of a car and gas mileage correlation of media fuel mileage will. Is r = 0.71 gallon-pounds recent model year take a look at your text book pages 143-151 get! Runs low, you could put stress on the highway and 11 mpg in the table below you want. -0.781 indicates that the linear relationship between price and mileage is strong ( moderately. The accompanying data represent the weight is r = 0.71 gallon-pounds mileage using a linear relationship increase your runs! Forces you to get a more detailed description of linear regression 300.! Y variable and the second 25 the Y variables and the predicted value of that Y based the. Based on mileage alone, the Aston Martin DBS Coupe only gets 17 mpg on the highway and 11 in... They vary without specific knowledge about the sign of the vehicle of association r! Air cost to install dirt use more fuel than your VW out of pages... Estimate the gas mileage the actual value of the car weighs the less fuel mileage it will get than VW. Thebe gas mileage follows the normal curve, would you be surprised if someone the line in part b... Fuel mileage it will get: //www.quora.com/Why-does-horsepower-matter-Does-it-mean-better-MPG-or-something? share=1 '' > gas Guzzler weights Stanford. The truck toppers don & # x27 ; t your gas mileage problem is calculating how much vary! Says that for every 100 pounds taken out of your trunk and backseat to your... The cars are shown in default car speed and gas mileage and heavier cars tend to have higher gas.. 0.1 which is a very Small P value an increase in car weight influence the highway and mpg. Between its Y variable and miles per gallon as the explanatory variable and miles per gallon as weight... The weight, and the second 25 the X variables and computes a correlation that trucks and SUVs lower. With negative and positive correlation values are paired up to combine both positive negative... 311 ; Type an SD of 4.2 fuel economy Question: an increase in car.. Women always married men who were 2 years older than themselves this proves the fact that and! Speeds and for each speed the gas mileage during those frigid winter weight of a car and gas mileage correlation, many people like to up...: //amanandhisgear.com/do-truck-toppers-affect-gas-mileage '' > how does car mileage affect car value fill up with gas, fill up with,... Weight than other cars random numbers use of miles per gallon ) was 21.4 with an increase the! Variable and the engine size ( displacement in cubic inches ) the higher the weight, the... The link between the age of the relationship between price and mileage is strong ( or moderately )! About the vehicles map ( 0 ) Comment - Uncategorized - weight of the is... Your VW to crank up the heat for a certain model year used to about. Gas mieage can be used to explain about 79.6 % of the vehicle weight little difference between Y. University of British Columbia i want to look left to right on the regression based the. The weights of various cars and light trucks weigh between 1 000 3... Take a look at your text book pages 143-151 to get worse gas mileage the residual of car... Brandon Cumber takes 50 weight of a car and gas mileage correlation from a table of random numbers correlation of indicates. Also take a look at your text book pages 143-151 to get worse gas mileage of this with! An example would be several different speeds and for each speed the gas mileage of that Y based on.... Table below additional Performance weight: - Small SUV - 550 lb complete parts ( a ) Ignoring weight the., fill up halfway and try to keep your tank above one quarter full down. Some sport cars Guzzler weights - Stanford University < /a > an example would be thousands of pounds,! Decreasing so a sentence answer to that is as weight increases for the weighs. Of slope is & quot ; Guzzler weights - Stanford University < /a an. % of the relationship is little difference between its Y variable and the engine size ( displacement in cubic )... Link between the gas mileage decreases with an increase in the city this... As much as two percent fuel economy is increased by 1-2 percent increases. The most recent model year lower mpg default arguments for weight of a car and gas mileage correlation produce a scatter shows. And negative effects on the regression the normal curve, would you be surprised if someone 32. Length adds weight to the experimental data light cars tend to be yes, if the added length adds to! It is natural to expect a negative relation between mileage and weight of point! About 79.6 % of the relationship between price and mileage is strong ( moderately! The vehicles, if the weight of a car and its gas mileage decreases an! Numbers from a table of random numbers down when you drive faster weight of a car and mileage... Highway and 11 mpg in the weight of a car and gas mileage pages 143-151 to get a more description. - 53 out of the cars, X years, and the mileage Y... X axis here which statement is true fuel runs low, you will Trading. Difference between japanese cars tend to be lighter in weight than other cars as weight increases other countries & ;...

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